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French denier
The denier was a medieval coin which takes its name from the Frankish coin first issued (as the ''denarius'') in the late seventh century; in English it is sometimes referred to as a silver penny. Its appearance represents the end of gold coinage, which, at the start of Frankish rule, had either been Byzantine or "pseudo-imperial" (minted by the Franks in imitation of Byzantine coinage). Silver would be the basis for Frankish coinage going forward.
==Etymology==
The name ''denier'' was derived from the name of the ancient Roman coin the denarius, a silver coin originally worth ten asses.
The ''denier'' was minted in France and Italy for the whole of the Middle Ages, in countries such as the patriarchate of Aquileia, the Kingdom of Sicily, the Republic of Genoa, and the Republic of Siena among the others.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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